力学mechanics                          工程力学 engineering mechanics     
理论力学theoretical mechanics             材料力学material mechanics       
静力学statics                            平衡balance  
平衡力balance force                      力的平衡equilibrium of force    
力系force system                         平面力系coplanar force system    
空间力系spatial force system               力force
外力external force                        内力internal force             
合力resultant force                       分力component of force          
刚体rigid body                          约束反力reaction force
平衡方程equation of equilibrium            静力平衡方程equation of  static  equilibrium    
协调方程equation of compatibility          平衡条件condition of equilibrium   
力矩force moment                       力偶系couple system            
自由体free body                         力偶矩moment of couple
等效力系equivalent force systems           静定问题static determinate problem 
静不定问题 static indeterminate problem      承载力load-bearing capacity
强度strength                             刚度stiffness                      
稳定性stability                           泊松比Poisson’s ratio
体积力body force                        表面力surface force
集中力concentrated force                  分布力distributed force 
载荷load                               静载荷dead load
动载荷live load                          应力stress 
正应力normal stress                      切应力shear(ing) stress
拉应力tension(or tensile) stress             压应力compressive stress
主应力principal stress                     应变strain   
剪应变shear(ing) strain                    应力集中stress concentration 
极限应力ultimate stress                   许用应力allowable stress 
安全系数factor of safety                  杆件rod (or member)  
拉伸tension                             压缩compress  
拉杆tension rod                          压杆compressibility rod
轴向拉力axial tension                    轴向压力axial pressure 
拉伸实验 tension test                     压缩实验compressibility test  
拉伸实验曲线tension test curve             压缩实验曲线compressibility test curve 
抗拉强度tensile strength                  抗压强度compressibility strength
受拉构件tensile member                  轴力axial force 
轴力图axial force diagram                 弹性elasticity 
塑性plasticity                           弹（塑）性变形elastic(plastic) deformation        
比例极限limit of proportionality(or proportional limit)     弹性极限elastic limit 
屈服极限yield limit                      强度极限ultimate tensile strength 
变形deformation                         脆性材料brittle material 
塑性材料plastic material                  机械性质mechanical property 
弹性模量modulus of elasticity              剪切弹性模量modulus of elasticity in shear          
扭转torsion                             力矩、扭矩、转矩torque
外加力矩applied torque                   阻力矩drag torque  
扭矩torsion torque                        轴 axis
外力偶矩externally applied torque           内力偶矩internal torque
梁beam                                弯曲flexure(or bend)  
弯矩bending moment                     弯矩图bending moment diagram
剪力shear force                          剪力图 shear force diagram
简支梁(外伸梁)simply supported beam       悬臂梁cantilever beam    
静矩statical moment of area (or first moment of area)
极惯性矩polar moment of  inertia(or polar second moment of area)
惯性矩moment of  inertia(or second moment of area) 
抗弯截面模量elastic section modulus        惯性积product of inertia 
惯性半径radius of inertia                  弯曲强度bending strength
抗弯刚度bending                        弯曲应力bending stress 
弯曲挠度bending deflection                转角deflection angle 
挠曲线curve of deflection                  强度理论theory of strength